The Basics of Desoldering

Desoldering is the reverse process of soldering, as you can probably tell from the name. But while it’s easy to define the process, executing it isn’t always straightforward. In this article, we’re going to explain the basics of desoldering and provide you with more information on this essential skill. 

Why is desoldering necessary? 

In our previous articles, we have touched on important topics like how to use soldering irons properly and what you can do to achieve optimal results from your soldering iron. If you’ve read these, then you’re probably familiar with the fundamentals and more confident when it comes to practical applications.

But unfortunately, even the most experienced practitioners make mistakes. Whether you misjudge how much solder a joint needs or your hand simply slips, we’re all human and accidents happen. What’s important is having a readily-available solution to rectify the error and get back on track with your soldering.

So, how do I remove unwanted solder? 

Just because desoldering is a simple process (in theory), that doesn’t mean there’s only one way to do it. Depending on the equipment available to you, there are a number of ways you can remove unwanted solder. 

Use your soldering iron to desolder

If all you have is a soldering iron, then this is your only option to desolder. This process will require you to reheat the solder and fiddle with the components until they become loose. It might sound simple, but this could actually prove to be quite challenging because you can only move the solder away from the joint while it’s hot. 

If you take too long, the solder will cool down and you’ll be unable to move it until you reheat it again. Repeatedly reheating solder while it’s on the board could damage components, so you should try to avoid this if possible. Also, remember to keep in mind health and safety while you are focusing on fiddling with the solder.

Use a desoldering braid 

Desoldering braid, also known as solder wick, is a handy method that essentially allows you to soak up excess solder on your board. A desoldering braid is a coiled-up length of copper wire. Because copper conducts heat well and the solder is attracted to heat, you can effectively draw the solder away from your board and onto the wick. 

Many desoldering braids come with flux built into it, but if yours doesn’t then you can simply dip the wick into flux before beginning the process. This will make it much easier to remove the excess solder and leave the board in a clean condition. 

Use a desoldering pump

One of the most effective ways to remove unwanted solder is with a desoldering pump. A desoldering pump is essentially a small, powerful vacuum that uses high pressure to suck up excess solder. Some of JBC’s latest soldering stations come with electric pumps and micro desoldering irons, so you’ll be able to tackle the trickiest of desoldering jobs. 

You will, of course, need to heat up the solder before using the pump. But other than this, it’s pretty straightforward. Be sure to press the tip of the soldering pump right up against the solder you’ll be removing. Like always, you’ll want to complete the process quickly to prevent the solder from cooling down and hardening again. 

Are you ready to give desoldering a go? 

Now that you know the basics of desoldering, you’re in a better position to rectify any minor mistakes you make on your next project. Between the three methods we’ve explained, you should be able to quickly and effectively remove excess solder.

However, there’s always more you can learn when it comes to soldering. These are some of the more basic desoldering techniques, but there are other useful methods out there. If you have any further questions about the desoldering process or about soldering in general, feel free to get in touch with us today.